A review of economic approaches modeling the complex interactions between forest management and watershed services

摘要: Abstract This paper provides a comprehensive review of two decades published research that applies different economic approaches to address forested watershed management decisions. The takes stock the applied integrated and ecohydrological modeling assesses way these capture complexities involved when linking systems. implications integrating services into forest decisions are discussed, lessons drawn from existing future needs identified. Existing categorized independent modular models with unidirectional flow information fully coupled holistic models, analyzed, among others, in terms efficiency improvement forest-based investments achieve provision. shows number studies investigating relationship between decision-support is very limited. Only 14 were identified examine relationships for water supply, while 9 found focus on impact quality, 2 which addressed quality combination supply. A shortcoming about half do not clearly specify baseline conditions test incremental value evaluated actions provision, undermines evaluating their cost-effectiveness or efficiency. promising finding nevertheless 8 10 where costs benefits compared specified alternative, conservation shown be an economically efficient nature-based solution supply interest. limited availability geo-referenced data information, including often complex confidential nature cost price data, high demands more advanced spatial econometric main barriers relevant interactions. Important extensions include further coupling detailed multi-sectoral hydro-economic able account risks (floods, droughts, wildfires) uncertainties under climate change security.