Characterization and source identification of airborne trace metals in Singapore.

摘要: Airborne particulate trace metals have important health implications. As a consequence, their concentrations are increasingly monitored in many urban locations worldwide. In this study, fine atmospheric particles (PM2.5) were collected Singapore over period of 83 consecutive days during 2000, and analysed to determine the concentration elements using ICP-MS. Altogether, eighteen airborne quantified: Al, Ag, Ba, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Ga, Li, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sr, Zn, V, Si, Ti. While Li was least abundant metal with mean 0.2 ng m−3, Zn showed maximum 279.1 m−3. Calculation enrichment factors indicated that Cu enriched by 30 5000 relative natural abundance crustal soil. The extent pollution study area assessed comparing measured those reported literature for selected number sites other parts world. Factor analysis used identify major sources affecting air Singapore. contribute loading metal-bearing aerosols atmosphere include fuel oil-fired power plants, processing industry, land reclamation construction activities, municipal solid waste incinerators, traffic emissions.