Demand characteristics, treatment rationales, and cognitive therapy for depression.

摘要: In research design, the term demand characteristics refers to sum total of cues that convey an experimental hypothesis subjects and influence their behavior. psychotherapy, may refer therapist's wishes, expectations, worldviews clients Psychotherapeutic play a role in dissociative identity disorder, repressed memory controversy, during delivery treatment rationales, practice common manual-guided psychotherapies. An exploration presentation rationale one such psychotherapy— cognitive therapy for depression—is offered, data from analogue study responding this are presented. Jonathan W. Kanter is now at Department Psychology, University Wisconsin—Milwaukee; Elizabeth F. Loftus Psychology Social Behavior Criminology, Law, Society, California, Irvine. Correspondence concerning article should be addressed Robert J. Kohlenberg, Box 351525, Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195. E-mail: fap@u.washington.edu Mary was suffering depression anger sought therapist. Following standard protocol, therapist presented first session. He explained when certain events occurred her life, she had thoughts about those then, turn, produced negative feelings. When returned second session, told him she'd gone mother's dinner, plate broccoli placed on table (a vegetable never liked), noticed thought, "She doesn't care me" then felt angry depressed. Did Mary's experience have anything do with explanation given initial session? case hypothetical but allows us illustrate we will make, namely, well influenced what experienced reported next session apply concept rationales receiving psychotherapy. First, several aspects definition highlighted. Then, notion extended attention disorder controversy. these two areas, already has been investigated, raised rigid adherence particular conceptual model psychopathology lead responding. We suggest can viewed as package which demands often neatly wrapped explicitly articulated. review systematic desensitization demonstrated characteristics, describe preliminary investigating depression. Cognitive example strong nonetheless vehicle through unintended occur.