The emerging synthesis of evolution with ecology in fisheries science

摘要: Fisheries science is currently being transformed through a true integration of ecological and evolutionary perspec- tives. Many questions are emerging from the recognition that human-induced change can elicit on short time scales, in some cases equal to or exceeding changes brought by classical effects. For instance, what extent does associated with size-selective harvesting, supplementation, captive breeding, aquaculture escapees, related fisheries activities directly indirectly affect species demography (persistence, productivity, recovery), community structure, ecosystem functioning? Under conditions do feedbacks between evolution ecology matter most for managing activities? Do such generate predictable outcomes, they reversible? Although as yet, little consensus has been reached answers these questions, it clear synthesis perspectives holds great promise improving generating more biologically realistic modeling, monitoring, rebuilding, management fish populations, species, aquatic ecosystems. Resume : Une transformation est en cours dans les sciences halieutiques associee al'integration veritable des ecologique et evolutionnaire. La reconnaissance du fait que changements evolutionnaires induits par l'homme peuvent entrainer, peu de temps, ecologiques equivalents ou plus importants decoulant d'effets classiques souleve nombreuses questions. Par exemple, quelle l'ampleur l'incidence, directe indirecte, associes la recolte selon taille, ala al'elevage captivite, aux poissons echappes d'installations d'aquaculture activites reliees peche sur demographie (persistance, productivite, recuperation) especes, structure communautes fonctions ecosystemes? Dans quelles l'importance retroactions entre ecologie est-elle grande ce qui concerne gestion peche? Ces entrainent-elles situations previsibles sont-elles reversibles? S'il n'existe pas encore reel reponses aces il clair production l'amelioration modeles realistes le plan biologique, ainsi surveillance, reconstitution populations especes ecosystemes aquatiques ne beneficier d'une synthese evolutionnaire ecologique. (Traduit Redaction)