Integrated processing for heavy crude oil

摘要: Energy based on non-renewable resources such as gas, oil, coal and nuclear fission, even with their serious problems of pollution, contributes to 86% the global energy consumption. Oil will remain dominant transport fuel: about 87% fuel in 2030 still be petroleum-based.Discoveries conventional sources light easy-to-access crude oil are becoming less common current production levels struggling match demand, it is necessary develop new non-conventional order supplement supply, whose demand increasing continuously. A possible clue solve this situation could take advantage extensive reserves heavy oils existing different places around world, which an excellent source more valuable hydrocarbons. In context, some facilities called upgraders used process theses both increase hydrogen-carbon ratio improve quality, reducing density decreasing viscosity, sulphur, nitrogen metals.The main objective work study upgrading processes identify operation schemes explore opportunities integration between other or for that can sustain its own through a wide range products.Each design alternative has been modelled state-of-the-art commercial software packages. The dilution was evaluated using naphtha diluents. Sensitivity analyses were done purpose selecting type flow rate diluent. Once best diluent selected, upgrader refinery studied. Heavy ends from taken feedstocks integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC). IGCC, achieve requirements power hydrogen determined. Different processing produce transportation instead syncrude proposed, too. Finally, economic evaluation all performed find solution oils. results obtained when configuration proposed allows producing synthetic 35.5 �API. treatment streams transforms them into products higher qualities. IGCC permits complete elimination residues produced these units produces site export. Economic shows studied economically attractive. chosen include unit CCS.