Harvest rates and cause-specific mortality of American black bears in the wildland–urban interface of the Mid-Atlantic region, USA

作者: Andrew N. Tri , John W. Edwards , Christopher W. Ryan , Colin P. Carpenter , Patrick C. Carr

DOI: 10.2192/URSU-D-16-00033.1

关键词:

摘要: There is a salient belief that bears (Ursidae) using the wildland–urban interface (WUI) are not vulnerable to harvest, and therefore, hunting an ineffective management tool for in WUI of eastern United States; however, this question remains untested. We fit monitored 116 American black (Ursus americanus; hereafter, bear) with Global Positioning System–Global System Mobile Communications collars 9 municipalities New Jersey, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, USA, during 2010–2013 determine (1) whether were harvest; (2) if so, at what rates they harvested; (3) other cause-specific mortalities WUI. Harvest mortality did occur on our study. lower than statewide tag-return harvest from Jersey higher 3 4 years Pennsylvania. The proportion was harvested similar juvenile males (30%), adult (36%), females (29%). Annual survival variable (range = 40–92%), but among females. Euthanasia accounted 8–19% total Virginia only 3% Black we consider regulated be viable tool. Agencies may prefer hunters act as compensatory mechanism by harvesting problem would otherwise euthanized or killed bear–vehicle collisions.

参考文章(34)
Sharon Baruch-Mordo, Kenneth R. Wilson, David L. Lewis, John Broderick, Julie S. Mao, Stewart W. Breck, Stochasticity in Natural Forage Production Affects Use of Urban Areas by Black Bears: Implications to Management of Human-Bear Conflicts PLoS ONE. ,vol. 9, pp. e85122- ,(2014) , 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0085122
R. L. Schooley, C. R. McLaughlin, G. J. Matula, W. B. Krohn, Denning Chronology of Female Black Bears: Effects of Food, Weather, and Reproduction Journal of Mammalogy. ,vol. 75, pp. 466- 477 ,(1994) , 10.2307/1382569
Wendi A. Harshyne, Duane R. Diefenbach, Gary L. Alt, Gary M. Matson, Analysis of error from cementum-annuli age estimates of known-age Pennsylvania black bears Journal of Wildlife Management. ,vol. 62, pp. 1281- 1291 ,(1998) , 10.2307/3801992
Adrian Treves, Kirsten J. Kapp, David M. MacFarland, American black bear nuisance complaints and hunter take Ursus. ,vol. 21, pp. 30- 42 ,(2010) , 10.2192/09GR012.1
Daniel J. Lee, Michael R. Vaughan, Black Bear Family Breakup in Western Virginia Northeastern Naturalist. ,vol. 11, pp. 111- 122 ,(2004) , 10.1656/1092-6194(2004)011[0111:BBFBIW]2.0.CO;2
James M. Omernik, Ecoregions of the Conterminous United States Annals of The Association of American Geographers. ,vol. 77, pp. 118- 125 ,(1987) , 10.1111/J.1467-8306.1987.TB00149.X
Julie A. Beston, Variation in life history and demography of the American black bear The Journal of Wildlife Management. ,vol. 75, pp. 1588- 1596 ,(2011) , 10.1002/JWMG.195
ADRIAN TREVES, K. ULLAS KARANTH, Human‐Carnivore Conflict and Perspectives on Carnivore Management Worldwide Conservation Biology. ,vol. 17, pp. 1491- 1499 ,(2003) , 10.1111/J.1523-1739.2003.00059.X