Reconstructing Changes in Abundance of White-tailed Deer, Odocoileus virginianus , Moose, Alces alces , and Beaver, Castor canadensis , in Algonquin Park, Ontario, 1860-2004

摘要: The history of White-tailed Deer, Odocoileus virginianus , Moose, Alces alces and Beaver, Castor canadensis in Algonquin Park since the 1860s is reviewed placed context changes to forest, weather, parasitic disease. Deer seem have been abundant late 1800s early 1900s whereas Moose were also common but less so than deer. declined through 1920s as probably increased. had recovered by 1940s when scarce. deer population again 1960s, suffered major mortality 1970s, has never recovered; are essentially absent from present day landscape winter. increased steadily following decline numbered around 3500 mid-1980s. Beaver scarce 1910 appear at high numbers mid-century. has, however, sharply mid-1970s. These can best be explained change structure composition Park's forests. After extensive fire logging 1900s, forest now an mature state. Weather disease, played a role. three species form prey base Algonquin's Wolves, Canis lycaon net prey, especially deer, important implications for future wolves Park.