Cooperation or competition : dilemma for resource managers in sustainable wildlife utilisation

摘要: Keywords: analytical modelling; Associated Private Nature Reserves; consumptive use; elephants; Kruger National Park; land productivity; non-consumptive waterpoints; Savanna ecosystem model; South Africa. Wildlife as part of biodiversity is a global natural resource. However, landowners have some control over the future wildlife on their land. could be managed by state or private landowners. The survival and habitats determined how these decide to use renewable resources it. Some complication come into place given that usually roam held more than one owner providing challenge its management. In addition, resource has multiple uses generate revenues for betterment non-consumptive. Each landowner objectives which might conflicting poses even greater sustainable To meet managers management tools. tools used include constructing closing artificial waterpoints, fire management, fencing, population manipulation through culling/hunting translocation animals. can lead unintended opposite effects if they are not well understood. There direct indirect biodiversity. Landowners tempted excessively in order achieve objectives. most studies concentrated either ecological economic For landowner, it essential he comprehends both wildlife, contribution this study. main objective study assess implications landowners’ welfare. I simple models based Pontryagin’s maximum principle perform analyses. model spatially explicit, process-oriented also further explore landowner’s One analyzed thesis improvement productivity increasing vegetation quality. Given that, easy increase size response increased incentives, consider productivity. results show utilization contribute conservation enhancement welfare result investment habitat quality improvement. tool demonstrated another framework presented waterpoints. Waterpoints supplement water supplies turn support herbivore populations, like elephants. A oriented may interested only maximization profits personal benefits from elephant offtake and/or tourism revenue, thus ignore negative brought about elephants such case, game reserve authority entrusted with should instruments subsidies payments compliant taxes charges non-compliant encourage compliance practices. waterpoints density (representing an objective) objective). analyze differential impact Park’s regions under 26 scenarios. biomass diversity four Park. showed (or closing) extra region does necessarily translate higher lower) densities region, but effect depends other conditions comparison neighbouring regions. regions, there trade-off between diversity. elephants’ follows intermediate disturbance hypothesis, whilst relationship positive. hypothesis postulates would structure at extreme levels low high reduced. suggests different strategies adopted e.g., adaptive strategy where switched off depending density. Another physical barriers fences. Physical utilised separate conflicting. often faced decision whether undertake (hunting) (tourism) properties. theoretical constructed examine cases. two undertaken same contiguous area dominating. conclusion, what emerges work affected his own actions neighbours’ modi operandi, then all cooperation neighbours fully maximize This includes terms tool(s) neighbour use. frameworks (both private)