The epidemiology of malaria.

摘要: Epidemiologists have recently paid greater attention than in the past to epidemiology of clinical malaria as opposed malarial infection. This change emphasis has been stimulated part by need for better definitions evaluation control measures such insecticide-treated materials and vaccines. Methods determining mortality from defining severe uncomplicated devised. The limited data available indicate that malaria-attributable incidence do not increase with an entomological inoculation rate above a threshold value, observation important implications likely long-term effects attempts contain through vector control. Study Africa shown different epidemiological patterns two most frequent forms this condition: cerebral anaemia. Severe anaemia is seen frequently areas very high transmission young children. In contrast, predominates moderate transmission, especially where seasonal, it older patients established relationship between fever parasite density demonstrated ways thresholds. Algorithms developed help diagnosis absence parasitological confirmation but approach proved difficult because overlap symptoms signs other acute febrile illnesses pneumonia.