Penetrative convection in a fluid overlying a porous layer

摘要: Abstract An accurate numerical calculation is presented for the onset of thermal convection in a two layer system which comprised porous material described by Darcy’s law, over lies water. The also saturated with maintained lower (porous) surface at 0 °C and upper (fluid) stress free temperature being above °C. This physical picture capable encompassing water density maximum 4 thus describing model patterned ground formation under To account fact that may have we adopt an equation state expresses buoyancy force as quadratic function temperature. bi-modal nature be dominated medium or fluid depending on parameters appear problem. Here, important are ratio to depth, temperature, Darcy number δ= K /d m , parameter representing non-dimensional permeability matrix. coefficient dm depth layer. A surprising array streamline patterns found one varies appropriate parameters.