Effect of employing a new biological nanofluid containing functionalized graphene nanoplatelets on thermal and hydraulic characteristics of a spiral heat exchanger

摘要: Abstract In this study, thermal and hydraulic attributes of an ecofriendly graphene nanofluid flowing within a countercurrent spiral heat exchanger are evaluated. The cold water flows in one side while the hot or base fluid moves other exchanger. transfer rate overall coefficient enhance with increasing either Reynolds number concentration. effect adding nanoparticles becomes more important at higher numbers. At great number, occurs end sections whereas low chief exchange happens initial sections. results show that value effectiveness is much (higher than 0.85) all cases under investigation. Moreover, units decrease by number. pressure drop intensifies increment, demonstrates greater especially Meanwhile, compared due to viscosity. performance index, i.e. ratio drop, enhances increase concentration, which promising result. Thereby, index for increases almost 142% from 1000 3000.