作者: Walter Dieminger , Gerd K. Hartmann , Reinhart Leitinger
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-78717-1_2
关键词:
摘要: The Earth’s atmosphere is an open system far from thermal equilibrium. It irradiated by the shortwave radiation of sun, emits in infrared and continuously exchanges matter, energy momentum with cryosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere lithosphere. Systems form equilibrium can spontaneously spatio-temporal patterns contrast to closed systems whose macroscopic states are spatially homogeneous time-independent. This latter behaviour a consequence second law thermodynamics was formulated last century as “heat death universe”.