Depressive Symptoms as Predictors of Medical Outcomes in HIV Infection

摘要: Objective. —To ascertain whether depressive symptoms as determined by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies—Depression scale (CES-D) predict accelerated mortality and worse medical outcomes in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Design. —Eight-year cohort study semiannual follow-up. Setting. —Community volunteers. Participants. —A total of 1809 HIV-seropositive homosexual men without acquired syndrome (AIDS) who entered Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study 1984 or 1985. Eight-year follow-up data were available on 75% eligible participants. Outcome Measures. —Times to AIDS, death, prophylactic treatment, slopes describing decline CD4 count each individual participant. Results. —Using a conventional definition depression (CES-D ≥16 at first visit), 21.3% participants classified depressed. Depressed had lower counts reported more AIDS-related symptoms. There no significant differences between depressed nondepressed any outcome measures ( P >.05 all cases). In contrast, reporting shorter times death even after adjusting Conclusions. —We find evidence that independently prognosticate HIV infection. Because associations symptom reports, counts, indicators socioeconomic status, future studies relationship should consider these variables confounders. JAMA . 1993;270:2563-2567)