Structures, Diversity and Pharmacology of Glycine Receptors and Transporters

摘要: The amino acid glycine is highly concentrated in the ventral and dorsal horns of spinal cord, many brain stem nuclei, sensory relay stations such as cochlear nucleus retina. Traditional physiological studies have shown that a major inhibitory neurotransmitter performs vital role control both motor pathways (Aprison 1990). In presynaptic nerve terminals glycinergic interneurons cord stem, cytosolic small clear synaptic vesicles by an H+-dependent vesicular transporter. Excitation these leads to calcium-triggered fusion with plasma membrane, thus liberating into cleft. Glycine then binds postsynaptic receptors (GlyRs), causing gating integral anion channel increases chloride ion conductance membrane. This action selectively antagonized plant alkaloid strychnine. mature neurons, where equilibrium potential approximates resting potential, GlyR activation results influx. neutralizes depolarization sodium influx, thereby inhibiting propagation potentials. However, different response found developing nervous system, immature neurons contain very high intracellular concentrations (Wang et al. 1994). Here, glycine-induced cause CI-efflux, resulting cell (see Reichling 1994; Boehm 1997).