Water Ice in the Kuiper Belt

摘要: We examine a large collection of low-resolution near-infrared spectra Kuiper Belt objects (KBOs) and centaurs in an attempt to understand the presence water ice Belt. find that on surface these occurs three separate manners: (1) Haumea family members uniquely show surfaces nearly pure ice, presumably consequence fragmentation icy mantle larger differentiated proto-Haumea; (2) with absolute magnitudes H < 3 (and limited number = 4.5) have coverings ice—perhaps mixed ammonia—that appears be related possibly ancient cryovolcanism objects; (3) smaller KBOs which are neither nor cold-classical appear divide into two families (which we refer as "neutral" "red"), each is mixture common neutral component either slightly red or very also includes ice. A model suggesting difference between due formation early compact solar system inside outside, respectively, ~20 AU methanol evaporation line supported by observation only detected reddest objects, those would expected most containing mixture.