Tetanus: pathophysiology, treatment, and the possibility of using botulinum toxin against tetanus-induced rigidity and spasms.

摘要: Tetanus toxin, the product of Clostridium tetani, is cause tetanus symptoms. toxin taken up into terminals lower motor neurons and transported axonally to spinal cord and/or brainstem. Here moves trans-synaptically inhibitory nerve terminals, where vesicular release neurotransmitters becomes blocked, leading disinhibition neurons. Muscle rigidity spasms ensue, often manifesting as trismus/lockjaw, dysphagia, opistotonus, or respiratory, laryngeal, abdominal muscles, which may respiratory failure. Botulinum in contrast, largely remains neuron inhibiting acetylcholine muscle activity. Therefore, botulinum reduce Trismus be treated with injections masseter temporalis muscles. This should probably done early course risk pulmonary aspiration, involuntary tongue biting, anorexia dental caries. Other groups are also amenable treatment. Six patients have been successfully A. review discusses use for context pathophysiology, symptomatology, medical treatment tetani infection.