Diagnostics of Molecular Markers in Childhood Acute Leukaemia Using Biochips

摘要: Acute leukemia is a very heterogeneous disease that can be divided in two major groups according to lymphoblastic or myeloblastic origin of leukemic blast cells: acute (ALL) and (AML). ALL AML, their turn, are both subdivided into many subgroups with different clinical features. more frequent children represents about 80% all pediatric cases. Prognosis newly diagnosed has improved significantly mainly due treatment high-doses chemotherapeutic drugs, but also risk-stratification strategy optimization therapy. 5-year event-free survival (EFS) rates clinics range between 76% 86%. Overall remission usually 98% higher (Pui et al., 2011). Age white cell count at diagnosis have been used predict prognosis for years, having identified early epidemiologic studies as predictors an outcome (Smith 1996). Children aged from 1 9 years the best outcomes; adolescents 10 20 slightly worse outcomes, which associated part incidence T-cell lower favorable genetic abnormalities such TEL/AML1 hyperdiploidy. Also, blasts older patients become resistant multiple antileukemic drugs than younger first decade life (Pieters 1998; Nachman 2009). Infants age less year relatively poor high immature pro-B-ALL phenotype presence MLL gene rearrangements (Hilden 2006). Another biologic factor prognostic value besides immunophenotype rapidity response induction therapy glucocorticoides, instance decrease peripheral blood after week treatment. It shown by flow cytometry molecular techniques, level minimal residual (MRD) bone marrow during months may stratification protocols (Szczepanski 2001). Further risk achieved using cytogenetic characteristics leukemia. The TEL-AML1 translocation hyperdiploidy were found good prognosis; therefore they allow relative reduction carriers 2000). Philadelphia-chromosome-positive (Ph+-ALL) poorer