DNA-Based Arthropod Diversity Assessment in Amazonian Iron Mine Lands Show Ecological Succession Towards Undisturbed Reference Sites

摘要: Human activities change natural landscapes, and in doing so endanger biodiversity associated ecosystem services. To reduce the net impacts of these activities, such as mining, disturbed areas are rehabilitated restored. During this process, monitoring is important to ensure that desired trajectories maintained. In Carajas region Brazilian Amazon, exploration for iron ores has transformed original ecosystem; forest a savanna formation with lateritic duricrust outcrops named canga. Here, native vegetation logged topsoil removed deposited waste piles along mine waste. rehabilitation, hydroseeded non-native plant species achieve rapid revegetation. Further, seeds canga planted point ecological succession towards ecosystems. study, we investigate diversity composition arthropod community post-mining rehabilitation restoration gradient, taking seasonality primer bias into account. We use DNA metabarcoding bulk samples collected both dry rainy seasons from waste-pile benches at various stages revegetation: non-revegetated exposed soils, initial stage one-to-three-year-old stands, intermediate four-to-five-year-old advanced six-to-seven-year-old stands. undisturbed cangas forests reference sites. addition, structure were measured relations between structure. Our results show that, over time, becomes more similar forests, but not cangas. Nevertheless, even communities advanced-stage different full highly diverse ecosystems achieved, after six seven years. Finally, our seasonal variation bias.