Normative Stakeholder Theory

摘要: Abstract Theories of management require normative justification; that is, they rely on some conception what is morally good, right, and just. This chapter examines the reasons for adopting a stakeholder theory rejecting once, perhaps still, “dominant” shareholder-centric approach. then surveys prominent “normative cores” are used to ground theory, Kantian, contractarian, feminist ethics, ethical pragmatism, moral obligations each approach generates. Some pressing questions raised with respect To extent ought we recognize imperfect shareholders? Are contractarian hypernorms substantive? How exactly should care about stakeholders, even an appropriate attitudinal response? Without commitment objective standards, how can pragmatists resolve conflict?