Late relapse of testicular cancer.

摘要: Due to its unique biological behavior, late relapse (LR) of testicular cancer has recently been described as an own tumor entity. It is currently defined recurrence more than 2 years after complete remission following primary treatment including chemotherapy. The incidence ranges from 6%, with a median relapse-free interval 5.4–7.1 the initial treatment. Although histology shows germ cell (GCT) origin, clinical biology different. dominant characteristics are slow growth and chemoresistance. Molecular analysis focuses on mechanisms drug resistance. response chemotherapy less 30% in most cases surgical resection remains only option favorable long-term results. common site LR retroperitoneum, undifferentiated (yolk sac) being frequent histology. In cases, patients have already undergone previous retroperitoneal surgery. overall cure rate about 50%, hence, adequate essential prevent development LR.