Representing Twentieth-Century Space–Time Climate Variability. Part I: Development of a 1961–90 Mean Monthly Terrestrial Climatology

摘要: Abstract The construction of a 0.5° lat × long surface climatology global land areas, excluding Antarctica, is described. represents the period 1961–90 and comprises suite nine variables: precipitation, wet-day frequency, mean temperature, diurnal temperature range, vapor pressure, sunshine, cloud cover, ground frost wind speed. climate surfaces have been constructed from new dataset station climatological normals, numbering between 19 800 (precipitation) 3615 (wind speed). data were interpolated as function latitude, longitude, elevation using thin-plate splines. accuracy interpolations are assessed cross validation by comparison with other climatologies. This an advance over earlier published terrestrial climatologies in that it strictly constrained to 1961–90, describes extended variables, explicitly incorporates elevation...