Integrating the four faces of climate change adaptation: Towards transformative change in Guatemalan coffee communities

摘要: Abstract Despite the complexity of climate change, dominant definition and practice adaptation remains reactive, incremental, focused primarily on biophysical techno-managerial changes. Researchers suggest this is necessary but insufficient, noting importance integrating subjectivity in a more comprehensive approach to moving toward deliberate transformation change context. Here, I consider how expand scope depth ‘adaptation’ as it currently defined practiced, presenting an Integral conceptual framework that integrates ‘interior’ forms thus can account for diverse ways local people are responding entangled changes at level. Drawing case study research Guatemala, explore balanced integration subjective objective adaptive capacities, individuals collectives, leads four types adaptation—personal, practical, critical-structural, co-generative. Findings describe: 1) critical-structural adaptations were helpful disrupting structural arrangements practical alone not; 2) interior (personal co-generative) less emphasized overall be effectively integrated, either implicitly or explicitly, with practice. This demonstrates may better position communities engage transformative change.