Oxidation of cerium and titanium studied by photoelectron spectroscopy
作者： A. Platau , L.I. Johansson , A.L. Hagström , S.-E. Karlsson , S.B.M. Hagström
DOI: 10.1016/0039-6028(77)90334-X
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摘要: Abstract Cerium and titanium are examples of reactive metals that form protective oxide films on their surfaces upon exposure to oxygen. In order study the building up these we have undertaken photoemission measurements with X-ray ultraviolet radiation (ESCA UPS). levels were studied using ESCA freshly in situ evaporated metal films. These levels, as well O 1s level, after different oxygen exposures. vary probing depth, spectra been recorded at two electron emission angles. All performed room temperature. Effects exposures core quite metals. Ce 3d spectrum a strong peak related was observed an only 2 L. Such not Ti 2p even 3000 The valence band both by UPS measurements, however, changed significantly much smaller
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