Involvement of MAPK/NF-κB signal transduction pathways: Camellia japonica mitigates inflammation and gastric ulcer.

摘要: Gastric ulcer is an important risk factor for human health globally. Camellia japonica (CJ) a plant of which the fruits are used as traditional phytomedicine inflammatory and immunomodulatory diseases; however, underlying molecular mechanism has not been clarified. The present study aimed to investigate immunopharmacological activities validate its pharmacological targets. To evaluate protective roles on LPS-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 cells HCl/EtOH-induced gastric mice; we applied 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS), histopathology, malondialdehyde (MDA), quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), immunohistochemistry (IHC), western blot analyses. We also determined total phenolic flavonoid content might possess antioxidant anti-inflammatory properties. found production NO ROS 246.7 were both suppressed by japonica. Moreover, mitigated oxidative stress mucosa via reduction lipid peroxidation elevation production. mucosal damages prominently improved japonica, confirmed histopathological evaluation. gene expression cytokines enzymes TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, iNOS, COX-2 was notably downregulated In addition, markedly attenuated MAPKs (ERK1/2, JNK, p38) phosphorylation, expression, activation transcription NF-κB well phosphorylation degradation IκBα mucosa. Taken together, intimated gastroprotective mediated modulation stress, cytokines, suppression MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathways.