FLAVONOIDS OF THE MENYANTHACEAE: INTRA- AND INTERFAMILIAL RELATIONSHIPS

摘要: This paper describes our study of the flavonoid chemistry Menyanthaceae, which included Menyanthes, Fauria (= Nephrophyllidium), Liparophyllum (all monotypic), nine species Nymphoides, and 1 Villarsia. The profiles are based upon kaempferol, 7-O-methylkaempferol, quercetin, 7-0-methylquercetin, isorhamnetin, 3,7-di-O-methylquercetin, 7,3'-di-O-methylquercetin, although not all taxa exhibit these aglycones. These compounds occur as a complex mixture 3-0-mono- 3-0-diglycosides; 4'-O-glucosides were restricted to four Nymphoides. Some acylated glycosides also observed. presence flavonols absence both C-glycosylflavones xanthones set Menyanthaceae apart from Gentianaceae, family with it is most often allied. Flavonoid data do allow assignment surety either Gentianales or Solanales. unique within support close affinity latter genus Menyanthes. A relationship between Nymphoides Villarsia, suggested on morphological grounds, supported by data. Flavonoids view, morphology, that South African Villarsia capensis more closely related eastern Australian than Western ones geographically closer. Segregation fallax other Meso-American Caribbean view N. indica circumtropical taxon deserving separate status in New World.