摘要: Seas and oceans are confronted with a plethora of environmental problems, caused by land-based activities (agriculture, industries, ports) maritime (such as shipping, fishing, oil gas drilling, tourism, navigational dredging). Environmental problems at sea challenge the efficacy state sovereignty. Who is responsible, accountable, regulates spatial level regional seas, what role states in these processes governance? In seas on high challenged two developments: become players different levels, big market where they have no or little jurisdiction. The forms Europe’s Arctic Ocean examined.
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