Thermally induced water migration in frozen soils

摘要: Abstract An apparatus has been developed for the direct measurement of thermally induced water migration in saturated frozen soils. The soil sample and reservoirs are sandwiched between two end plates containing Peltier modules. These cooling devices controlled by a thermoelectric control system, which can maintain temperatures constant to within ± 0.02° C under steady state conditions. remains unfrozen because it contains dissolved lactose. When linear temperature gradient is established across passes from ‘warm’ reservoir into prefrozen out second, colder, reservoir. Observed rates flow compatible with permeability values soils measured earlier. results discussed regard current theoretical applied studies ground. Unfrozen potential lower than pure bulk an amount increasing as decreases. Thus, implies flux direction decreasing temperature, at rate dependent on state.