Effects of maternal opiate abuse on the newborn.

摘要: Infants born to opiate-dependent women frequently have low birth weights and 1- 5-min Apgar scores. Significant postnatal problems, excluding neonatal withdrawal, can include jaundice, infection, aspiration pneumonia, transient tachypnea, hyaline membrane disease. Neonatal abstinence may be severe persist for as long 3 months. Abstinence symptoms central nervous system hyperirritability, gastrointestinal dysfunction, respiratory distress, tremors, fever, high-pitched cry, increased muscle tone, uncoordinated sucking swallowing reflexes, dehydration, possible electrolyte imbalance. During the first week of life, respirations associated with hypocapnia alkalosis occur. The Brazelton Behavioral Assessment Scale has been used quantify neurobehavioral effects on neonates narcotics administered prenatally. A marked decline in mortality rates infants mothers is evident. In Philadelphia, infant morbidity related not only type maternal narcotic dependence, but also amount prenatal care. whose received care found higher similar control mothers. Although newborn intrauterine exposure agents appear normal at birth, pharmacologic agent become apparent until later development. To obtain a more favorable outcome high-risk mother child involved problems perinatal addiction, several recommendations are proposed.