摘要: Mercantilism, which made its appearance at the end of fifteenth century, remained, as Heckscher put it, just a set poorly formulated concepts all through sixteenth century. It was only that century it became true doctrine characterised by staunch populationism held sway over Europe. This change concomitant with emergence great European states, which, after gradually freeing themselves from feudalism, asserted more perceptibly. Mercantilism conceived states opposed to Pope’s spiritual power and temporal wielded Holy Roman Empire, time when “heterogeneous empires” or “nebulous 1 such Ottoman Empire German were on decline.