Distance sampling: estimating abundance of biological populations.

摘要: 1 Introductory concepts.- 1.1 Introduction.- 1.2 Range of applications.- 1.3 Types data.- 1.4 Known constants and parameters.- 1.5 Assumptions.- 1.6 Fundamental concept.- 1.7 Detection.- 1.8 History methods.- 1.9 Program DISTANCE.- 2 Assumptions modelling philosophy.- 2.1 2.2 models.- 2.3 Philosophy strategy.- 2.4 Robust 2.5 Some analysis guidelines.- 3 Statistical theory.- 3.1 General formula.- 3.2 Hazard-rate the detection process.- 3.3 The key function formulation for distance 3.4 Maximum likelihood 3.5 Choice model.- 3.6 Estimation clustered populations.- 3.7 Density, variance interval estimation.- 3.8 Stratification covariates.- 4 Line transects.- 4.1 4.2 Example 4.3 Truncation.- 4.4 Estimating in sample size.- 4.5 Analysis grouped or ungrouped 4.6 Model selection.- 4.7 density measures precision.- 4.8 when objects are clusters.- 4.9 4.10 Summary.- 5 Point 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.10 6 Extensions related work.- 6.1 6.2 Other 6.3 Modelling variation encounter rate cluster 6.4 probability on line point.- 6.5 On concept search effort.- 6.6 Fixed versus random 6.7 Efficient simulation 6.8 Thoughts about a full approach.- 6.9 Distance sampling three dimensions.- 6.10 Cue counting.- 6.11 Trapping webs.- 6.12 Migration counts.- 6.13 Point-to-object nearest neighbour 7 Study design field 7.1 7.2 Survey design.- 7.3 Searching behaviour.- 7.4 Measurements.- 7.5 Training observers.- 7.6 Field methods mobile objects.- 7.7 centerline is not certain.- 7.8 comparisons between transects, point transects mapping censuses.- 7.9 8 Illustrative examples.- 8.1 8.2 Lake Huron brick 8.3 Wooden stake 8.4 Studies nest density.- 8.5 Fin whale abundance North Atlantic.- 8.6 Use tuna vessel observer data to assess trends dolphins.- 8.7 House wren densities South Platte River bottomland.- 8.8 Songbird surveys Arapaho National Wildlife Refuge.- 8.9 Assessing effects habitat Appendix A List common scientific names cited.- B Notation abbreviations, their definitions.