Classification and Biogeography of New World Grasses: Chloridoideae

摘要: Subfamily Chloridoideae (Poaceae) in the New World includes 72 genera (61 native, 11 introduced), 678 species (607 native), and, including intraspecific taxa, 817 total taxa. The five largest are Muhlenbergia (147 species), Eragrostis (111), Sporobolus (76), Bouteloua (57), and Chloris (35). Three tribes recognized this study: Cynodonteae, Eragrostideae, Zoysieae, with ten, three, two subtribes, respectively. tribe, comprise 58 451 (67% of all chloridoids), 25 (98 species, 22% Cynodonteae) unknown affinities (incertae sedis). In Mexico, USA, Canada there 477 native introduced chloridoid (70% whereas Central America (including Caribbean) South 196 304 Mexico is center diversity 343 (51%). There appear to be biogeographical patterns exhibited by species: (1) North America, centered northern southwestern (2) southern Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, Brazil, (3) northwestern Ecuador Peru, (4) amphitropical disjuncts, occurring (5) widespread America. Subtribes Boutelouinae (Bouteloua) Muhlenbergiinae predominantly American, Eragrostidinae (Eragrostis) Chloridinae better represented American center. Two subtribes Gouiniinae Hilariinae, described as new, others, Orcuttiinae Traginae, newly treated at that rank.