Consumption-based accounting of CO2 emissions

摘要: CO2 emissions from the burning of fossil fuels are primary cause global warming. Much attention has been focused on directly emitted by each country, but relatively little paid to amount associated with consumption goods and services in country. Consumption-based accounting differs traditional, production-based inventories because imports exports that, either or indirectly, involve emissions. Here, using latest available data, we present a consumption-based inventory calculations energy carbon intensities. We find 2004, 23% emissions, 6.2 gigatonnes CO2, were traded internationally, primarily as China other emerging markets consumers developed countries. In some wealthy countries, including Switzerland, Sweden, Austria, United Kingdom, France, >30% imported, net many Europeans >4 tons per person 2004. Net import States same year was somewhat less: 10.8% total 2.4 person. contrast, 22.5% produced 2004 exported, net, elsewhere. demonstrates potential for international leakage. Sharing responsibility among producers could facilitate agreement climate policy that is now hindered concerns over regional historical inequity