Integrated Biosensor and Interfacing Circuits

摘要: Driven by the demand of bioelectronics market, many biosensors need to work in parallel or a controllable way achieve complicated biodetections, however limited scale, speed, cost, complex signal processing, and bulky circuit routing problems prohibit discrete biosensor solutions (Drummond et al., 2003). Nowaday are usually integrated on same substrate form array improved scale efficiency, solve difficulties. CMOS technology emerges since mid-1960s, rapidly captured IC market. The aggressive scaling following famous Moore’s Law enables realization high-speed digital circuits, analog mixed-signal as well radiofrequency (RF) communication circuits. A single chip monotonically integrating all components electronics systems laboratory which contain digital, analog, mixed-signal, RF communication, microelectromechanical (MEMS), other experimental functions, i.e. lab-on-a-chip (LOC) is avidly be implemented possess capabilities high-efficiency characterization, processing mass production, large low power well. Fortunately, most fabrication processes compatible with standard either directly via post-CMOS processes, e.g. DNA sensors fabricated Si-nanowire (Li 2004) gold surface (Cheng 2005) etc, makes it possible integrate biosneosr arrays biosensing system (IBS) (Augustyniak 2006; Prakash Thewes 2005; Han 2007). IBS composes four parts its circuitry: array, interfacing analog-to-digital (A/D) conversion, processor (DSP), shown Fig. 1(a). In some requiring feedback controlling during digital-to-analog (D/A) converters also included depending applications, 1(b). architecture IBS, overall performance such noise, bandwidth, sensitivity etc mainly governed performances circuits controls electrolyte potential acquires signals from array. three electrode system, 2, popular nowadays IBS. composed reference electrode, working counter (it called auxiliary sometimes).