Diabetes Mellitus and Chronic Kidney Disease (Stages 1–5)

摘要: Diabetes mellitus is a disease marked by high levels of blood glucose resulting from defects in insulin production (type 1 diabetes) or sensitivity 2 diabetes). Symptoms diabetes include weight loss, polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia. Type (T2DM) represents approximately 90 % all patients with diabetes. Risk factors for T2DM age, genetics, ethnicity, obesity. progressive condition, which generally begins resistance an initial compensatory increase the pancreas. Over time, unless there removal precipitating condition (i.e., resistance), pancreas eventually to lose its ability produce quantity required maintain normoglycemia. The rate pancreatic decline varies based on many but takes 5–10 years develop into In case T2DM, symptoms are usually rare mild can often be overlooked. As such, individuals have already developed complications time they diagnosed disease. From that point onwards, beta cells continues over course Although chronic, disease, steps taken control lower risk associated complications. Today, almost 26 million people (8 population) United States diabetes, due chronic nature frequently overlooked listed above, nearly one-third unaware [1]. An estimated 79 prediabetes [1]; characterized results above normal reading without meeting cutoffs diagnosis (Table 8.1).