What Happens after Inbreeding Avoidance? Inbreeding by Rejected Relatives and the Inclusive Fitness Benefit of Inbreeding Avoidance

摘要: Avoiding inbreeding, and therefore avoiding inbreeding depression in offspring fitness, is widely assumed to be adaptive systems with biparental reproduction. However, can also confer an inclusive fitness benefit stemming from increased relatedness between parents inbred offspring. Whether or not depends on a balance parent-offspring relatedness. Existing models of predict threshold values above which males females should avoid sexual conflict over because these thresholds diverge. implicitly assume that if focal individual avoids then both it its rejected relative will subsequently outbreed. We show relaxing this assumption reciprocal outbreeding, the individuals are themselves outbred, substantially alter predicted for avoidance males. Specifically, magnitude below increases male’s increasing female her alternative mate, decreases male female’s thereby altering zone conflict. Furthermore, gain reduced by indirect opportunity costs his breeds another his. By demonstrating variation affect intra- inter-sexual our lead novel predictions family dynamics. might depend mates relatives, male-male competition mixed strategies. Making testable quantitative regarding strategies occurring nature require new explicitly capture among interacting population members.