CHAPTER 22 – Nutrition of Entomophagous Insects and Other Arthropods

摘要: High efficiencies of food utilization have often been predicted for parasitoids. The larval stages that consume high nutritional content are relatively inactive within the host and a limited supply, both which may contribute to selection efficient utilization. Non-nutritional factors intimately intrinsically involved in acceptance intake. These include physical properties such as form texture, but also non-nutritive chemicals elicit specific behavioral and/or physiological responses essential finding accepting foodstuffs, some cases initiating behaviors associated with feeding process itself. In addition on plants plant products, many parasitoids, particularily idiobiontic species, feed potential hosts. Host by koinobiontic parasitoids is less common. Adult female hymenopterans puncture or damage larvae pupae hemolymph internal tissues. Parasitic categorized proovigenic synovigenic. Females species complete oogenesis prior to, shortly after, emergence lay eggs over short period time primarily their host. only important ensuring lives long enough deposit all her eggs.