Water management in Spain: an example of changing paradigms

摘要: Both in principles and practical terms, Spain’s water policy has changed dramatically the last years years. This rapid evolution been accompanied by growing problems, of which Spanish society is becoming increasingly concern. paper reviews recent history policy, examines its weaknesses strengths draws relevant conclusions for other arid semiarid countries. Key drivers change, including serious environmental degradation, demand, climatic agricultural economic growth provide context landmarks. Among these reform law 1999, enabling market transactions, EU Water Framework Directive, 2001 national hydrological plan subsequent 2004 mark a decade radical initiatives. Underlying them, users, managers general also show signs new attitudes, thinking awareness. In paper, we review few innovative programmes that tackle problems whose solution long overdue, but shows success. We look at economics resources, flexible allocation instruments, voluntary arrangements, prices. how most pressing associated with instensive use groundwater resources are being addressed, after decades unsuccessful attempts. Finally, irrigation sector, far largest consumer Spain one policies can accomplish impacts. Furthermore, elaborate on impact virtual trade have supply production food fibers.