Composites of Engineering Plastics with Layered Silicate Nanofillers: Preparation and Study of Microstructure and Thermomechanical Properties

摘要: 1.1 Polymer nanocomposites Polymer/layered silicate have recently attracted a great deal of interest because their unique properties, such as enhanced mechanical property, increased thermal stability, improved gas barrier properties and reduced flammability. According to the arrangement layers within polymer matrix, two types morphology can be achieved in nanocomposites: namely intercalated or exfoliated structures. Exfoliated structures been well recognized superior for high performance at lower clay loadings, but are difficult achieve. Attempts improve processability ensure efficient dispersion above fillers led modifications, e.g. with quaternary ammonium surfactants, which is expected increase inter-gallery spacing provide enough hydrophobicity particles order make them miscible matrix. A typical example sodium montmorillonite (MMT), one most commonly used clays, hydrophilic therefore shows restricted compatibility many polymers. To obtain good interfacial adhesion needs modified prior incorporating into usual organophilic matrices. Clay modification by an ion exchange reaction cations (Utracki, 2004). There reasons this modification: (i) addition intercalating agent space between layered silicates it more uniform (ii) small organic molecules bonded MMT Therefore, allowed enter enlarged intergallery further intercalation exfoliation. In general agents cationic surfactant, dodecyl chloride 1-hexadecyl blomide. possesses net negative charge on its lamellar surface and, therefore, absorb cations, Na+ Ca2+. Alkyl ions replace metal through cation process occupy gallery nanoscaled alter original from (Burnside