Evolutionary stable sex ratios with non‐facultative male‐eggs first sex allocation in fig wasps

摘要: Sex allocation theory has long generated insights into the nature of natural selection. Classical models have elucidated causal phenomena such as local mate competition and inbreeding on degree female bias exhibited by various invertebrates. Typically, these assume mothers facultatively adjust sex using predictive cues future offspring mating conditions. Here we relax this assumption developing a model for haplodiploid experiencing that lay fixed number male eggs first. Female egg is determined remaining oviposition sites or mother, depending which exhausted Our includes parameters variation in foundress number, patch size, fecundity mortality allow us to generate secondary ratio predictions based specific parameterizations populations. Simulations show that: 1) line with classical models, factors increase sib‐mating result laying relatively more eggs; 2) high leads males fertilization insurance; 3) unlike predictions, sub‐optimal than females are possible. In addition, our provides first quantitative expected where typically only one mother utilizes given patch. We parameterized data obtained from seven species southern African fig wasps predict means variances numbers typical utilizing These were compared single patches, most commonly encountered situation species. matched both observed variance accuracy suggesting facultative adjustment not required produce evolutionary stable ratios.