作者: Mark Mennenga , Lennart Büth , Felipe Cerdas , Christoph Herrmann
DOI: 10.1016/J.PROCIR.2020.01.062
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摘要: Abstract Technical systems are increasingly complex and interconnected, forming higher level System of Systems (SoS). SoS provide emergent functions which greater or different than the sum their constituent systems. To be able to assess environmental impact an SoS, a functional unit is required. Therefore, we discuss opportunities synthetic emergence serve as SoS. A deep understanding properties function given. Finally, comprehensive discussion uses cases smart energy grids urban symbiotic food production for initial reflections about concept.