Between-country collaboration and consideration of costs increase conservation planning efficiency in the Mediterranean Basin

摘要: The importance of global and regional coordination in conservation is growing, although currently, the majority programs are applied at national subnational scales. Nevertheless, multinational incur transaction costs resources beyond what required programs. Given need to maximize returns on investment within limited budgets, it crucial quantify how much more biodiversity can be protected by coordinating efforts when fungible. Previous studies that compared different scales decision-making mostly ignored spatial variability threats cost actions. Here, we developed a simple integrating metric, taking into account both biodiversity. We examined Mediterranean Basin hotspot, which encompasses over 20 countries. discovered for vertebrates achieve similar benefits, one would substantially money area if each country were act independently as fully coordinated action across Basin. A plan expected save approximately US$67 billion, 45% total cost, with uncoordinated plan; implemented 10-year period, ≈0.1% gross income all European Union (EU) countries annually. initiative declared recent Paris Summit provides political basis such complex coordination. Surprisingly, because many priority areas selected located EU countries, partly solution incorporating only EU-Mediterranean almost efficient scenario.