Incidence of faecal contaminations in chlorinated and non-chlorinated distribution systems of neighbouring

摘要: Data on E. coli incidence in drinking water samples have been evaluated for 4 European countries. Within the EC project MicroRisk, large volume sampling was done United Kingdom (with disinfectant residual), Netherlands (mainly without residual) and Germany (without residual). No were found very low background concentrations (, 10 24 per L) calculated. Furthermore, data of 280,000 collected France (both with incidence. In total, similar results obtained Netherlands. France, significantly higher incidences occurred as more small rural supply systems included. The detailed evaluation revealed a slight increase mean during distribution Netherlands, both disinfected non-disinfected zones. This suggests that, if technical measures are taken to avoid contamination distribution, zones can be regarded being safe indicator principle faecal contaminations is valid chlorinated systems, on-linemonitoring chlorine residuals represents good means detect ingress organic material.