Modeling the fate and human health impacts of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in reclaimed wastewater irrigation for agriculture.

摘要: Abstract Wastewater reclamation and reuse for agriculture have attracted a great deal of interest, due to water stress caused by rapid increase in human population agricultural demand as well climate change. However, the application treated wastewater irrigation can lead accumulation pharmaceuticals personal care products (PPCPs) crops, grazing animals, consequently dietary exposure. In this study, model was developed simulate fate five PPCPs; triclosan (TCS), carbamazepine (CBZ), naproxen (NPX), gemfibrozil (GFB), fluoxetine (FXT) during agriculture, potential exposure health risk. reclaimed wastewater-irrigated farm growing alfalfa, it took 100–535 days PPCPs achieve steady-state concentrations 1.43 × 10−6, 4.73 × 10−5, 1.17 × 10−6, 1.53 × 10−5, 7.38 × 10−6 mg/kg TCS, CBZ, NPX, GFB, FXT soils, respectively. The accumulated concentration plant (alfalfa) animals (beef) ranged 2.86 × 10−7− 4.02 × 10−3 4.39 × 10−15− 6.27 × 10−7 mg/kg, Human these compounds through beef consumption calculated be 1.67 × 10−18− 1.74 × 10−10 mg/kg bodyweight/d, much lower than acceptable daily intake (ADI). Similar results were obtained ‘typical’ irrigated based on typical setup using our model. Screening analysis showed that with relatively high LogD value ratios degradation rate (in soils) uptake greater transferred humans cause risks. We established modeling method evaluating effects system an index screening accumulate products. findings are valuable managing mitigating harmful PPCPs.