Transposable elements and the detection of somaclonal variation in plant tissue culture: a review

摘要: Plant tissue culture uses the genetic potential, or totipotency, of plants to regenerate and give rise a whole plant. Tissue culture-derived are expected have identical material parent, thus can serve as an effective tool for controlled, mass clonal propagation. However, somaclonal variation has been observed in plant due either point mutations, transposition activity mobile elements, chromosomal rearrangements, ploidy level changes, causing instability. culture-induced mutations associated with transposable element activities reported from many studies, related stress conditions during such wounding, exposure hormones and/or specific compounds growth media, genomic shocks cytological changes. Transposable elements repetitive DNA fragments ability transpose one region another within genome. Mutations that may occur suggest plantlets be regularly monitored. Methyl-sensitive transposon display (MSTD) is advanced, efficient fingerprinting technique simultaneously detect variation, changes insertion sites status cytosine methylation genomes. The main principles notes application MSTD design element-specific primers, identification sequences genomes, selection isochizomer enzymes used, different classes banding pattern shown briefly discussed based on our preliminary work Nicotiana benthamiana (Tnt1 retroelement) Musa acuminata (Copia-33 Mad-I examples.