A nationwide population-based surveillance of invasive Haemophilus influenzae diseases in children after the introduction of the Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine in Japan.

摘要: BACKGROUND Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine was introduced as a voluntary in December 2008 and included the national routine immunization program April 2013 Japan. Currently, no nationwide data are available to evaluate effectiveness of Hib METHODS To Japan, active population-based surveillance culture-proven invasive infections caused by H. children performed 2008-2017 10 prefectures Japan (covering approximately 23% total Japanese population). Clinical were recorded on standardized case report form. Capsular antimicrobial susceptibility isolates examined. The incidence rate ratio (IRR) its confidence interval (CI) calculated compare from 5 years before that after introduction program. RESULTS During 10-year study period, 566 disease cases including 336 meningitis identified. average number among <5 years age during 2013-2017 decreased 93% (IRR: 0.07, 95%CI 0.05-0.10, p < 0.001) compared with those occurring 2008-2012. strains have not been isolated since 2014; however, non-typeable f noted causes diseases post-Hib era. CONCLUSIONS After governmental subsidization vaccine, dramatically population, per our surveillance. Continuous is necessary monitor for detecting any emerging capsular types.