摘要: Translation of basic scientific findings into practical patient outcomes is a significant exercise even when the goal conceptually straightforward, as in development vaccine for an infectious disease. Recognition association cervical cancer with papillomavirus infection encouraged to help prevention this very common cancer, causing over 250,000 deaths each year worldwide. To introduce program, it was however necessary develop technology making viral Ag, demonstrate that systemic immunization could provide mucosal surface protection genital tract, assays potency, and understand enough about epidemiology natural history plan effective intervention strategies. This process took ∼25 years. The major hurdle, now vaccines are available, ensure their deployment countries where they most needed. human benefits collaborative research activity across globe, between academia industry, translate discoveries public health benefits.