Future Land-use in The Netherlands: Evaluation of the National Spatial Strategy

摘要: The Netherlands is a small but densely populated country with about 16 million people living in an area of 40,000 km 2 . ‘Randstad’ highly urbanized the that comprises major cities Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Utrecht and Hague, combined population more than 5 people. This conurbation economic heart Netherlands. Urban development threatens natural historical qualities landscape ‘Green Heart’, central open this region. first spatial plans for date from 1958 (RPD 1960; WWdL 1958), these have been updated regularly since then 1966, 1977, 1988, 1994). New drawn up creation 2500 forests nature reserves by 2018 (LNV 2002; MNP 2002a). In addition, roughly 1500 land will be needed new residential industrial areas 2030 (ABF 2002). According to current policy, trends, 10 per cent use change over next 30 years. National Spatial Strategy (VROM et al. 2005), present Dutch Government prepared provide policy framework guide all developments, was adopted Parliament at end 2005. Roughly speaking, three categories planning policies. These concern: