Long-lasting stem cell–like memory CD8+ T cells with a naïve-like profile upon yellow fever vaccination

摘要: Efficient and persisting immune memory is essential for long-term protection from infectious malignant diseases. The yellow fever (YF) vaccine a live attenuated virus that mediates lifelong protection, with recent studies showing the CD8(+) T cell response particularly robust. Yet, limited data exist regarding response, no beyond 5 years after vaccination. We investigated 41 vaccinees, spanning 0.27 to 35 YF-specific cells were readily detected in almost all donors (38 of 41), frequencies decreasing time. As previously described, effector dominated early population naive-like was stably maintained more than 25 capable self-renewal ex vivo. In-depth analyses markers genome-wide mRNA profiling showed vaccinees (i) distinct genuine naive unvaccinated donors, (ii) resembled recently described stem cell-like subset (Tscm), (iii) among differentiated subsets, had profiles closest cells. Our findings reveal Tscm are efficiently induced by humans, persist decades, preserve naiveness-like profile. These support YF vaccination as an optimal mechanistic model study long-lasting humans.