A Review of the Application of Ultrasound in Bioleaching and Insights from Sonication in (Bio)Chemical Processes

摘要: Chemical and biological leaching is practiced on a commercial scale for the mining of metals from ores. Although bioleaching an environmentally-friendly alternative to chemical leaching, one principal shortcomings slow rate which needs be addressed. The application ultrasound in bioleaching, termed sonobioleaching, technique has been reported increase extent metal extraction. This article reviews efforts made field sonobioleaching. Since effectively process, effects sonication leaching/reactions processes are also reviewed. increases extraction by increasing metabolite production enhanced mixing at micro scale, research limited terms microorganisms explored. paper highlights some limitations existing techniques, proposes directions future research.