Neglected taxonomy and continuing extinctions of tuatara (Sphenodon)

摘要: TAXONOMIC classification is a primary determinant of manage-ment priorities for endangered species. Neglect distinct taxa may lead to their extinction, problem exemplified by management the New Zealand tuatara, Sphenodon, only surviving genus one order reptiles. The pattern genetic and morphological differentiation reported here supports taxonomy dating from 1877 that identified two extant species, subsequently separated into subspecies. Tuatara were fully protected in 1895, but legislation assessments conservation status never acknow-ledged taxonomic differentiation, referring Sphenodon punctatus. Perceived monotypy tuatara apparently forestalled intervention on behalf threatened populations, thus contributing extinction 10 40 populations (25%) past century imminent four more. Iden-tification diversity within warrants increased conserva-tion attention single S. guntheri (here reinstated as second living species) possibly extinct subspecies 5. p. reischeki.